Bag machine



Oct. 13, 1936. w,- H; ENGEL ,057,295

BAG MACHINE Filed oct. 2o, 1932 12 sheets-sheet 1 WLZZL'cZNZ H l W. H. ENGEL BAG MACH I NE oct.- 13, r1936.

Filed oct. T20, 1952 12 sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 13, 1936. w. HENGEL BAG MAGHIN' Filed oct. 2o, 1932 y 12 sheets-sheet 5 EN mm.

Oct. 13,'1936. n w H.r-:NGEL 2,057,295

BAG MACHIN Filed OC'.. 20, 1952 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 4.1. hun

W. H." ENGEL oct. 13, 1936.

BAG .MACHINE Filed Oct. 20, 1952 172'Slleets-Sl'ieei'l 5 Oct. 1,3, 1936 w H. ENGEL lBAG MACHINE Filed oct. 2o, 1952 12 sheets-sheet '7 W. H. ENGEL L 13, 19376;'v t

BAG MACHINE Filed oet. 2o, 1952 v 12 she-ets-sheet e Oct. 13, 1936.

w. H? ENGEL BAG MACHNE l Filed oct. 2o, 1952 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 ot.13,1936. W H.ENGEL- A2,057,295 n Filed oct'. 2o, 1932 12 Sheets-sheet v1o bl I l 167 52 76 65 69' 66 I gig; 3]

y Ug* Patented Oct. v13, 1936' l PATi-tNT4 ori-ice BAG MACHINE wimanl'n. Engel, chicago, nl., assigner to sneu-- mar Products Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application October 20, 1932, Serial No. 638,755-

' 2s claims. (ci. sis- 19) The present invention relates to bag-making machines, and has particular reference to improvements in bag. machines of the type described in United States Patent No. 1,265,270 issued May 7, 1918, which improvements facilitate the production of bags from material such as cellulose sheeting-or Cellophane as well as from ordinary paper.

Cellulose sheeting has come into wide use as y a wrapping material, and has been employed somewhat extensively for the production of bags, but due to the flexible nature of the material and other characteristics, such as ease of tearing, the production of bags therefrom has -not been entirely satisfactory.' `In one particular, if bag lengths are severed from a tube by means of the ordinaiy striker bar cut-off mechanism, whereby the ends of the bag length are serrated, the cellulose material tends to tear along the valleys of the serrations, thereby greatly weakening the bag.

A primary object of my invention is to produce an improved bag-making machine.

An additional object is the provision of a 'machine particularly adapted for the produc-V tion of bags from material such as cellulose sheeting.

A further object is to provide a bag machine which is durable and rapid in operation.

, A still further object is toiprovide a Abag machine which will produce a bag of cellulose material having a smooth cut lip by which opening of the bag is facilitated.

These and other objects will be apparent from a consideration of the following illustrative and explanative description of a preferred embodiment of my invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a bag machine constructed in accordance with my invention, which view is taken from onexside of the delivery end of the machine; v

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the delivery end of the machine taken from the opposite. side from Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the machine shown in Fig. 1;

, Fig. 4 is a top view of said machine;

Fig. 5 isan end view showing the feed end of the machine;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6--6 of Fig. 4; f

Fig. 7 is a sideviewl showing the drive mechanism` of the machine; n

Fig. 8 is a top view ofthe forming mechanism 24-24 of Fig. 23;

formed tube is cut into bag lengths;

Fig.. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-19 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line I 0 A5 Il) of Fig. 9;

Fig.` 11 is a sectional view taken along line ILV-II of Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 is a view of the transfer rolls and their mounting, the latter being in section taken along line |2-l2 of Fig. 6;`

Fig. 13 is a side view showing the construction of the transfer rolls;

Fig. 14 is a view of the draw rolls and their mounting, the latter being taken along line *I4- I4 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 15 is a view showing the cutting rolls by which bag lengths are partially severed and their mounting, the. latter being shown in section taken along line l5-I5 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken along line I6I6 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 1'7 is a diagrammaticy view'of the bagmaking mechanism devoid of frame and driving structure; 5

2 Fig. 18 is an end view of the bottom-forming mechanism in a position for` operating on a bag length;

Fig. 19 is an end view of the mechanism shown Ain Fig. 18 after operating on a bag length; 30

Fig. 20 is a plan view of a modified form of cutting roll;

Fig. 21 is a sectional view taken along line 2I2I of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a; sectional view taken along line 22-22 of Fig.`20; A,

Fig. 23 is a front view of a modified form offV my invention in which guides are provided for thesevered bag lengths;

Fig. 24 is a sectional view taken along line 40 Fig. 25 is a diagrammatic view showing the various stages in the production of the bag; and

Fig. 26 is a plan View of a bag length in unfolded condition. 45 To summarize shortly the operation of the machine, it may be said that a web of cellulose sheeting, the material used in the present description for purposes of illustration and explanation, is formed into a. tube, the` tube is partially severed by smooth cutting knives carried' by'rolls and operating in cooperation with the smooth cutting shoe of a reciprocating mandrel traveling between the cutting rolls, the partially'severed blank separated by fast transfer '55 rolls', and the severed blank formed into a completed bag by bottom-forming rolls. These various steps are shown graphically in Fig. 25.

As shown in the drawings, a roll of cellulose sheeting I is mounted by means of shaft II in journals I 2 of the frame structure I3. Additionall cross rod 20 is pivoted in frame structures I9 and I supports the adjustable ba'se of a glue pot 2l. Shaft 22 is journaled in opposite sides of the glue pot and carries a glue wheel 23 which extends adjacent a roll 24 whereby to apply a thin stripof glue to the edge of the cellulose web as the latter travels over the roll 24. insure rotation of the glue wheel, a rubber faced wheel 25 is mounted to the end of shaft 22 and frictionally vengages the roll 24 through the traveling web of cellulose material. Movement of the cellulose web thereby causes rotation of the friction wheel and the glue wheel. The pivoted bar 20 is positioned a distance from the roll 24, suilicient to permit the gluing unit to be held against it by gravity. That is, the pivoted gluing unit tends to fall downwardly about the bar 20 and is stopped by the roll 24.

The web of cellulose material passes from the main roll upwardly about the roll 24, then downwardly about the movable spring roll 28, then upwardly about rolls 21 and 24, and then into Vthe tube-forming mechanism to be described hereinafter. The spring roll 28 has a cushioning effect, thereby preventing breakage of the web when the machine starts or otherwise suddenly changes its speed of operation.

The aforesaid rolls about which the web of cellulose material is passed are provided with shafts journaled in the frame units I9. A transverse shaft 28 extends between the frame units I9 and is provided with gears 29 which mesh with the teeth of rack bars 30 attached to the under side of the arms I1. Bolts 32 pass through flanges 3| in the upper portions of the frame units I9 and are adjustably secured through slots I8 in the arms I1 by means of suitable-nuts. By loosening these nuts and rotation of hand wheel 33 mounted on an extension of shaft 28, the entire gluing unit and rolls may be raised or lowered along the arms I1. When the desired position is reached, thev bolts 32 are tightened.

From the roll 24 the cellulose web passes into a forming mechanism which converts the gluecarrying web or sheet into a tube from which bag lengths are subsequently taken.

From a point adjacent the lower portion of In order to ings is for the production of a tube having a bellows fold, and consists of a base plate 42 having an upwardly turned portion at its rear end and an upper plate 43 spaced from the lower plate by means of edgewise bars 44.

The bar 4I is secured in an opening in the arch 38 by means of set screws 45. A cap 46 is fitted over the top of bar 4I and against the arch support.' To regulate the vertical position of the bar 4I and consequently the distance above the table of the lower tube-forming plate 42, the set screws 45 are loosened and set screw 41 extending through cap 46 and into the internally threaded upper end of bar 4I is properly set. Set screws 45 are then tightened to maintain the bar 4I in its proper position. In the production of bags of C.varying size it is necessary to employ forming plates of corresponding widths. As the plates for wider bags are substantially heavier than the plates for smaller bags, and as the plates are suspended from their rear end by the rod 4I, the front end of the heavier plates tend to dip more toward the table than in the case of lighter plates for smaller bags. Therefore, it is desirable to raise the rod 4I higher where wide bags are produced.

The cellulose web travels downwardly from the roll 24 and beneath the lower plate 42.

.Change of the direction of travel of the celluterial travels forwardly beneath the lower plate 42, its upwardly extending sides are pressed inwardly by the plate 49, thereby forming a bellows fold. The upwardly extending sides of the cellulose web are threaded under and pressed against the top plate 43 by rubber friction rollers 50 which tend to draw said sides inwardly, thereby maintaining the web in a tight condition about the forming mechanism. These free sides of the web, one of which has a narrowstrip of glue adjacent its edge, are then overlapped with the glued side forming the top layer, the sides being prevented from contacting. and smearing before in properly overlapped condition by the finger 5I which presses the lower or unglued side of the web downwardly. 'I'he two free. sides of the web are the arms I1, the frame I3 extends vertically ommen brought together, the glue securing them each side of the machine, the extensions being joined by a cross member to form an arch 34. This arch constitutes a support for the rotatable horizontal shaft 35 to which are attached a downwardly extending arm 36 at the center of the machine and a downwardly extending arm 31 at one side of the machine.

A smaller arch`38 is positioned within the arch to form a tube from which bag lengths are subsequently removed.

After the free edgesof the web are drawn together by the rubber friction rollers, the resulting cellulose tube passes between a set of draw or feed rolls, shown in detail in Fig. 14. An upper shaft 52 carries two rubber faced friction draw rolls 53 which are adjustable longiare in i'lrm engagement with the cellulose tube4 and upon operation of the machine cause the web to continuously travel through the tubeforming mechanism in the manner described heretofore.

In order to permit the cellulose web to be threaded through the machine with ease, the

shaft 52uponwhich the upper draw rolls are positioned, is` mounted eccentrically in rotatable bearings 51. The-latter are rigidly connected to lever arms 58 which have a connecting bar 59 to permit ready rotation ofthe bearings.

It will be seen that when the rod is in lowered position the thin portion of the bearing is down, thereby permitting contact of the drive rolls, By rotation of the bar 58 the thick portions of the bearings 51 are down and the drive rolls 53 and 55` .are spaced a distance equal to "the difference in width of the thick and thin portions or' the bearings 51,

whereby the cellulose web may be threaded through the machine with ease. It is preferred to raise the bar- 59` when the machine is notI in use in order to prevent flat spots from occurring in the rubber faced draw rolls,V due to continued contact with steel rolls 55.

The bearings 51 are rotatably mounted in adjustable blocks 50 positioned in the guides l of the` drive roll frame members 62. `The initial vertical position of the bearingblocks is determined by regulation of lset screws 63, springs 64 pressing the blocks upwardly, as will bey understood, thereby providing for different' I thicknesses of material and wear of the rolls 53. `The frame members 62l are adjustably secured to horizontal portions 65 of the frame I3 by means of bolts 85 and slots 51 in the portions 65.` Rack `bars 68 are attached to Vframe members 82 and mesh with gears 69 which are mounted on a shaft 10. 'By loosening bolts 66 and actuating the hand wheel 1l which is attached to oneend of shaft, 10, .it is possible to move the entire draw roll unit longitudinally of the machine, the desired position being maintained by tighteningthe bolts 66.

Between the draw roll frame members 52 there .extends a bar 12 to which is rigidly attached the front end of the table 39, as shown in Fig. 6. It will ybe seen that through. this connection longitudinal movement of the 'draw roll unit will cause similar movement Aof the table, the tube-forming unit, and the arch 38. From the draw rolls the cellulose tube is delivered to a cutting mechanism -that removes bag lengths of proper shape. The tubeis first partially severed by score-cutting `its top and bottom portions with cutting rolls and a traveling mandrel. The partially severed bag length is held to the tube by a small unsevered portion corresponding in width to the thickness of the mandrel, and complete severance is effected by passing the bag length through transfer rolls which are driven at a higher speed than the cutting rolls, therebycausing the bag length to be tornl free from the tube. I

The traveling mandrel consists of a thin bar 13 having a hardened cuttingshoe 14 at its front end and being reciprocally mounted in a rolls. f

slot in the lower plate 42,` the end of the slot` of the mandrel. To the upper face of the rear portion of bar 13 is attached a thicker bar 15 which extends to adjacent the rear of plate 42 and is attached to the forked end of arm 36. As the mandrel moves with extreme rapidity, which may be of the order of 250 cycles per minute, it is important that the element of friction ,be reduced to a minimum. To obtain free movement of the mandrel in accordance with `my invention, the bar 15 is mounted on the bars 44 by means of ball bearings 16,' suitable races 11 being cut in the inner faces of bars 44 and in the outer faces, of bar 15. After passing through the draw rolls; the cellulose tube is received by an upper cutting roll lforming a stop to limit the backward movement 18 and a lower cutting roll 1 9.. These rolls are 'of the same circumference as the length of the The cutting rolls 18 and 19 are mounted on shafts 84 and 85, respectively, and these shafts are journaled in adjustable bearing blocks 85 and 81, respectively, which blocks are carried by the frame structure. The vertical positions of the cutting rolls are regulated by set screws 88, so

that the cutting shoewill be directly between `the rolls,l as will appear. hereinafter.

Centrally mounted to one end of shaft 84 is a round disk or eccentric wheel 89 having dialnet ric T-slot 9D in its outer face.

in the slot any radial distance from the center of shaft 84. To the stud 9| is rotatably attached a sleeve 92. A rod 93Y has one end connected to the sleeve 92 and its other end resiliently secured to the lowerportion of the arm 31.

In this slot mounted` a-n adjustable stud 91 which may be set i i swivel connection 94 is joined to arm 31 and rod` i S3 passes freely through an opening therein. The rod 93 is threaded for a substantial distance" on. each side of the swivel connection and nuts 95 are positioned adjacent each end of the threaded portion. Between the nuts and the swivel connection are provided compression springs 8S, suitable `spring washers being posi;

tionedon the rod at each end of the springs.

Motion of rod 93 is imparted to arm 31 through Athe springs 96, thereby providing a. `resilient connection.

The cutting knives on rolls 114 and 18 are positioned so as to Ybe operable at substantially the same time. A suitabler gear is keyed to shaft 85 of the lower cutting roll and meshes with a similar gear of the same size keyed to shaft 84 upon which the upper roll is mounted, thereby providingsynchronous driving'means for the two The diametric T-slot 98 points the direction of the cutting knife of the vupper cutting roll.

In other words, when the roll has been rotated `until the cutting knife is on the bottom of the roll a'nd in cutting position, the T-slot is in vertical position.

It will be seen that rotation of the cutting rolls causes rotation of the eccentric wheel,

which, in tm'n, imparts a reciprocal motion to rod 33. 'I'his motion causes arm 31 and consequently arm 36 to move backwardly and forwardly through an arc determined by the length of the stroke of rod V93. As arm 3l moves`the traveling mandrel is movedin the same direction, causing the cutting shoe 14 to reciprocate between the cutting rolls. y

To impart to the cutting shoe during the cutting operation a speed substantially equal to the speed of the cutting rolls during the cutting operation, the stud 9| is set a radial distance from the center of shaft 84 equal to the radius of the cutting rolls. By positioning the T-slot in a radial manner with respect to the cutting knife of the upper cutting roll, the cutting shoe of the traveling mandrel is given substantially the same speed as the cutting rolls at the moment the cutting knives are in operative position. In this manner the upper and lower knives press against the smooth surface of the cutting shoe so as to impart a` score cut to the cellulose material without a pronounced wiping effect of the knives across the cutting shoe such as would be the case if the cutting rolls traveled faster or slower than the cutting shoe.

During the cutting operation the cutting shoe is between the-cutting rolls and is thrust in the same direction of travel of the cutting rolls. The speed of the shoe increases to a maximum which equals the speed of the cutting rolls as the T-slot approaches a vertical position and then decreases toward zero as the T-slot approaches a horizontal position. As the cutting knives are of curved shape it is seen that the cutting operation begins before the maximum speed of the cutting shoe is reached and continues as the speed of the cutting shoe decreases from this maximum. In other words, unless otherwise prevented, the cutting knives would have a slight wiping effect where the `T-slot is not in exact vertical position. However, in accordance with my invention the rubber layers 83 grip the cutting shoe before the vcutting knives reach their operative position and impart to the shoe a speed equal to the speed of the cutting rolls, thereby insuring a perfect score cut. As the rubber extends on both sides of the cutting knives, the speed of the knives and the shoe remain equal throughout thecutting operation. When the rubber layers 03 grip the cutting shoe, the speed of the latter is increased'above Athe speed naturally imparted to the traveling mandrel by the eccentric wheel, rod 93 and arms l 36 and 31. If the last named connections were rigid, the shoe wouldbe prevented from increas- Ving in speed. By employing the resilient conrotated out of contact with the cutting shoe, theA latter is returned to its natural position by the rear spring of the resilient connection.

Thus, in the cutting operation the traveling mandrel reciprocates within the cellulose tube and between-the cutting rolls. The cutting shoe is preferably beneath the bellows fold whereby the upper knife yscore-cuts through three layers of cellulose adiacent the edge of the .tube and one layer between the opposite bellows folds, while the lower knife score-cuts a single layer.

By providing smooth cutting knives and a smooth, hardened cutting shoe against which these'knive's rotate, the bag is given a smoothcut edge as distinguished from a serrated edge.

As shown. in the drawings, the upper cutting knife has a maincurved portion provided at each of its ends with a tangential reverse curve. The main curve strikes a` lip portion from the tube, while the tangential reverse curve cuts to the outer edge of the tube, forming an upwardly extending tip at the outer creases of the bag length. If the cellulose material comes down to a point'at the creases, the bag is weakened in that the material tears easily along the crease. By making the cellulose sheeting come up to a point along the crease, the tendency of the bag to split is considerably decreased. The complementary portion of the tube from which the bag length is severed is subsequently folded over to form a bottom section.

Where' a curved knife is employed, the con-- tact of the knife with the cutting shoe is, theoretically, along two points rather than along the entire edge of the knife4 as would be the case if a straight, transverse knife were used. The two point contact between a curved knife and the smooth cutting shoe permits effective and prolonged operation of the cutting device.

As the upper and lower cutting knives operate against the faces of the smooth cutting shoe, the bag length remains attached to the tube by thin vportions which represent the cellulose material along the vertical edges of the cutting shoe. 'I'he partially severed bag length passes from the cutting rolls between a pair of rubber covered upper idler rolls v91 and a lower idler roll 98, positioned on shafts 99 and |00, respectively. The ends of shafts 99 and |00 are journaled in bearing blocks which are adjustably mounted in suitable guides 'in the frame structure, in the manner described with respect to the cutting rolls. The vertical positions of the shafts are regulated so that the idler rollers grip the partially severed bag length somewhat firmly. The peripheral speed of the idler rolls is the same as the peripheral speed of the draw After passing between the idler rolls the partially severed bag, still attached to the tube, passes between the upper transfer rolls |0| and the lower transfer roll |02. 'I'he two upper transfer rolls consist of rotatable disks |03 having detachable portions |04. A strip |05 of rubber or similar material is placed over a portion of the periphery of each of the disks |03 and the ends of the rubber strip are secured beneath the detachable portions |04. The rubber portions appearing on the periphery -of the disks extend radially beyond the remainder of the disks. The upper transferA rolls |0| are adjustably mounted on a rotatable shaft |06 and the lower transfer roll |02 is mounted on a rotatable shaft |01. 'Ihes'e shafts are journaled in bearing blocks whichare adjustably mounted in guides in the frame structure as described in connection with the cutting rolls. The vertical positions of the upper transfer rolls' are such that the rubber portions of the disks touch the lower transfer roll and the Iremainder of the disks clear the lower transfer roll a distance greater than .the thickness of the bag lengths.

Thus, when the partially severed bag lengths pass between the upper and lower transfer rolls, the cellulose material is yengaged only when the rubber strips are in down position against the lower transfer roll. Theserubber strips are so positioned that they engage the partially severed bag length after the cut portion hasl passed `from the tube to which it is partially attached..

In this manner severance of the bag .length is completed, and the resulting bag blank is c'arried into an end or bottom-forming mechanism in which one end of the blank is suitably folded or tuckedand glued to complete the bag structure, a plate being interposed between the transfer rolls and the bottom-forming mechanism to guide the bag blanks into the latter.

The bottom-forming device is constructed as a; unit having frame members |09 mounted on horizontal portions ||0 of the base frame |3 and movable longitudinally thereof. That is, the device is adjustable so that its distance from the transfer rolls may be varied inl accordance With -the length of the bag blanks. The ado justment is made by means of racks on the frame members |03 and rack gears ||2, the latadjusted to the proper position, bolts ||5 extending through slots |||i in the base frame member |09 are tightened to secure the unit in place.

In' they bottom-forming unit an upper tucker and paste sector roll carried byshaft ||8` rotates in juxtaposition with a lower clamp cylinder roll ||9 mounted on shaft |20. Shafts ||8 and |20 are journaled in adjustable bearing blocks carried by suitable vertical guides in the frame structures |09 as described in connection with the mounting of the cutting rolls. The lower roll is provided with a cut-out portion having a rotatable end clamping member |2| mounted therein and adapted to be moved to and from the back wall of the cut-out portion of the roll. In open position, that is, when the end crimping or clamping member |2| is moved away from the wall of the roll, a slot is provided into which the bag blank is pressed'or tucked at the point it is desired to turn the c ellulose material over to form a bottom for the bag. The clamping member is rotatably mounted on a shaft |22, to one end of which is attached a lever arm |23. To the free end of the lever` arm is attached a cam roller |24. As

' the roll isvrotated, the cam roller travels about a stationary cam |25, thereby actuating the clamping member, a spring |26 being provided to maintain the cam roller in contact with the cam. As shown in Figs. 18 and 19, the cam has a low portion |21 positioned to `receive the cam roller at the moment it is desired to close the clamping member.V -After this member has crimped the turned over end of the bagthe cam roller hits a high portion of the cam, thereby opening the clampingl member and allowing the bag to be discharged.

The upper o r tucker and .paste sector roll ||1 n.clamping mechanism of from the tucker blade |28 is a glue sector |29 which is adapted to apply a thin strip of glue transversely of the bag blank and a short distance' above the crimped portionabout which the end of the bag is turned over as shown in Fig. 1'7. This glue strip engages the turned over end of the bag and secures it in place to form a bottom for the bag.

The glue sector extends outwardly beyond the blade |28 and in rotating contacts a glue wheel |30 which rotates in a glue reservoir |3| mounted above the upper roll and on the frame members Asthe upper and lower bottom-forming rolls rotate toward operative position the transfer. `rolls move the end of the bag blank between the `bottom-forming rolls sothat the end of the bag blank overlies the slot formed by the clamping device of the lower clamp cylinder roll. The tucker blade v|28V of the upper roll then engages thebag blank and presses it into the slot. As the cam roller hits the low portion of the cam the clamping mechanism begins to close, reaching its completely. closed position as the blade |28 rotates out of the slot, thereby rmly clamping the turned over end portion of the bag.

The bottom roll is provided with va series of spaced transverse slots |32 into which extend from the delivery side of the roll a corresponding number of strippers |33 which kick the crimped bag` out of the slot into vwhich it is crimped just as the clamping" device is released. After being removed from the slot the crimped end of-the lbag passes between the lower roll ||9 and a small bottom folding roll |34 which is pressed against the roll ||9 by means of sp'ringpressed arms |35 upon' which the bottom folding roll ismounted. The turned over end of the bag is thereby pressed against the'strip .of glue on the side of the blank to complete the formation of the bottom of the bag. The completed bag passes between the upper and lower strippers or guides |33 and into a suitable hopper or carrier (not shown), its progress being facilitated by rubber faced idler rolls |36. l

The machine may be driven by any suitable means. As shown in the drawings, rotation is imparted y'to drive shaft |31 through pulley wheels |38. This shaft is provided with -a gear ,with gear |44 is a similar gear |45 which is keyed to the shaft |06 of the upper transfer rolls |0|. v

The shaft |01 to which thevgear |44 is keyed extends through the frame structure and carries on its outer portion a clamp hub gear |46. which is of the same size as gear |44. Gear |46 drives .an intermediate or idler gear |41 whichk is carried by the lower end portion of a swing arm |48 and drives'the lower bottom-forming roll ||9 by meshing -with gear |49 on the shaft thereof. This swing arm is pivoted to an extension of the shaft |20 of the lower bottom-forming roll and has its opposite end adjustably secured to the frame structure by means of slots |50 and bolts |5|. By this means the position of the intermediate Agear |41 may be changed to compensate for changes in the distance between gear |44 and gear |49, which changes in distance are made by moving the bottom-forming unit away from or toward the` transfer rolls to accommodate longer or shorter bags.

On the opposite end of shaft |20 is mounted a gear |52 which meshes with and drives clamp hub gear |53 on shaft ||8 of the upper bottomforming roll ||1.

Inside the frame structure, a gear |54 is mounted on shaft |20 and this gear drives gearV |55 of the glue roll. A thin gear |55, also mounted on shaft |20 drives a small gear |51 on the shaft of roll |34.

On the opposite side of the machine, a change gear |50 is keyed to shaft |42. The change gear meshes on one side with gear |59 which is carried on the free end of swing arm |60, the latter being pivotally mounted on an extension of shaft 54 of the lower draw rolls and having its opposite end adjustably secured tothe frame structure by means of slot |6| and bolt-|62. Gear |59 drives the lower draw roll by means of a gear |63 keyed to the shaft 54 thereof. Gear |68 transmits power to a similar gear |64 keyed to the shaft of the upper draw roll 53.

The gear |59 also meshes with a gear |65 on the shaft 85 of the lower cutting roll 19. This shaft carries a gear |66 on its opposite end which drives a similar gear |61 keyed tothe shaft of the upper cutting roll. Gear |65 is of the same size as the change gear |58, but as the cutting rolls are spaced apart a sufficient distance to allow the traveling shoe 14 to reciprocate therebetween, it is necessary to employ gears |66 and |61 having one tooth more than gear |65. The shoe 14 is then made of a thickness corresponding to the greater diameter of gears |66 and |61.

The change gear |58 also meshes with a large intermediate gear |68 which is carried by a swing arm |69 pivoted to an extension of shaft |00 of the lower idler roll 98, and adiustably secured to the frame structure by slot |10 and bolt |1|. At its upper edge, gear |68 meshes with a. gear |12 keyed to shaft |00 of the lower idler roll 98. The gear |12 drives a similar gear |12 mounted on the shaft 99 of the upper idler roll 91.

To an extension of shaft ||8 of the upper bottom-forming roll ||1 is secured a clamp hub gear |53 which meshes with gear |52 keyed to an extension of the shaft |20 of the lower bottom-forming roll ||9.

An idler gear |14 meshes with gear |52 and drives the lower idler roll 96 by means of gear |15, the latter meshing with and driving gear 16 of the upper idler roll 91. The draw rolls, the cutting rolls, and 'the idler rolls are designed to have the same peripheral speed so that the tube of cellulose material is drawn `through the machine evenly.

Where it'is desired to adjust the machine for the production of bags of smaller length than the machine has been previouslyv set for, the draw.rolls and forming unit are moved longitudinally toward the cutting rolls, the gluing unit being lowered so that the beginning of the fold over of the web of cellulose material occurs slightly below its last point of contact with the Y roller 24.

The cutting rolls are replaced by smaller rolls having peripheries equal in length to the length of the bag blank it is desired to cut from the tube. I'he change gear is replaced by a smaller change gear and gear |65 which drives the lower cutting roll is replaced by a gear of the same size as the new change gear. It is also necessary that gears |66 and |61 which drive the cutting rolls be replaced by suitable gears having one tooth' more than the new change gear.

By loosening bolt |62 the swing arm |60 may be adjusted so that the idler gear |59 will mesh with the smaller change gear. Bolt |1| is also loosened and swing arm |69 is adjusted in such position that the large intermediate gear |68 will mesh with the smaller change gear as well as with gear |12 which drives the idler rolls.

To provide for a shorter stroke of the traveling shoe 14 the stud 9| of the eccentric wheel I8 is properly adjusted toward the center of the wheel.

As the bag lengths delivered by the transfer rolls will be shorter than the lengthsfor which the machine has been set previously, the bottomforming unit is moved toward the transfer rolls by operation of hand wheel I4, bolt |50 of swing arm |48 being loosened and idler gear |41 on the free end of the swing arm being adjusted in laccordance with the new position of the bottomrespect to adjusting the machine for the production of shorter bags.

Bags of any desired width may be produced on the machine. A web of cellulose material of a width corresponding to the amount of material necessary toA make the proper width tube is mounted in the machine and threaded through as described heretofore. In commercial operation, where it is necessary to supply bags of many different widths it is desirable to have on hand a number of forming units of graduated width. To change these units, the bolts which secure the base plate of the rod 4| to the bars ,44 are' unscrewed and the new unit is secured thereto in place of the old unit. As will be seen from Figs. 8 to 11, the forming unit includes lower plate 42, upper plate 43, bars 44 which are placed on edge and space the upper and lower plates, bar mounted in bars 44, and the traveling shoe. The bellows-forming plates 49 are adjustably secured to the table 39 and are moved inwardly or outwardly as may be needed. The draw rolls, idler rolls, and transfer 'rolls also are adjustable in width to accommodate tubes of various widths. 'I'he cutting knives are changeable, so that knives equal in width to thev width of the cellulose tube and the cutting shoe l14 may be employed.

It will be understood that my machine may be employed for producing bags of the envelope type by substituting a single former for the bellows-forming unit described heretofore.

vThere is a considerable space between the idler rolls and the bag-forming.v mechanism and the severed bag lengths, particularly when the machine is operated at high speed, tend to fill with air due to the free edges of the bag length traveling rapidly through the. free space. Although longitudinally extending fingers or guides might be employed to maintain the bag lengths the bag lengths, whereby the vlatter are assisted gravity to the bottom of slots |80.

in their progress through the machine rather than retarded as in the c'ase-of stationary guides.

*Across the frame structure of the machine above the transfer rolls is mounted a cross plate |18. A vertical frame structure |19 extends-upwardly from this plate.l Through vertical slots (|80 in each side of the frame structure |19 is mounted a. shafty |8| to each end of which is keyed a rack gear |82., These rack gears mesh with rack bars |83on the frame structure |19, and permit the shaft |8| to be raised and lowered byv manipulation of hand wheel |84.v The normal tendency of the shaft |8| is to fall by Above 'the i upper end of slots |80 are mounted a front shaft |85 and a 'rear shaft |88, these shafts being rotatably mounted in the frame structure |19. Below the lower end of slots |80 are mounted two similar rotatable rolls |81 and |88, the

former being on the front side of the slots and the latter being-on the rear side of the slots. On the front side of the frame structure |19 is mounted a-rotatableshaft |89.

,Extending transversely of the frame 4|3 and in advance of the idler rolls 91 and 98 'is a rotatable shaft |90 having tape guides |9|. The tape guides are positioned between the idler rolls 91 and their bottom portion is slightly Ihigher than the bottom portion of the rolls 91.

A shaft |92 is rotatably mounted in the frame structure |09 of the bottom-forming unit and has tape guides |93 positioned slightly above the plate |08.

Two rotatable shafts |94 and |95 are mounted in the sides of the frame structure |3 between .the idler rolls 91 and the transfer rolls |0| and slightly above vthe level 'of the bottom portions of the latter. Continuous tapes |98 pass about shafts |9| and |92, beneath shaft |95, over the top of shaft |81, beneath'shaft |88, about upper 1y as described heretofore.

shaft |88; beneath the oating shaft |8|, over upper shaft |85, behind shaft |89, beneath shaft |94 and thence to shaft |9|. In passing beneath shafts |9| and A|92 the tapes form a guide which prevents bag lengths from being' 'filled with air` andexpanding as they travel between the idler rolls and the bottom-forming rolls.-

When it is desired to produce bags of greater length than the length for which the machine is set, the bottom-forming unit is moved backwardn This movement causes shaft |92 to be drawn away from the-shaft |9|. To provide the extra lengthvof tape for this -movement, the shaft |8| is rotated in such a manner as to cause it to be raised in the slots ,|80.` If it isv desired Yto lock the shaft in this position, nuts |91 are tightened.

The tapes |98 are driven by rotation of shaft |92, this shaft carryinga gear |98 which meshes length. In this 'cut-out portion is mounted a ibase plate 20| having a series of threaded openings202 along its length. The base plate is fastened in place by means of bolts 203 which are screwed into rolls 200.'

Knife sections 204 of any 'desired width may be mounted in the cutting roll by means of screws 285 which are engaged at proper points with the threaded holes 202. Rubber layers 206 are adhesively secured to the outer face of the knife sections.

In this manner adjustment of themachine for bags of different width is effected easily and without changing the cutting rolls. It is preferred 'to cast the knife sections 204 about the knife'blade 201 in order to provide a firm engagement, a suitable alloy such as babbitt being employed as the material for the knife sections.

The various modications of the hereindescribed structure coming within the spirit of my invention are intended `to be included in 4the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, means for progressing a continuous web, means for folding over and adhesively securing together the free edges of "said progressing web to form a tube, a smooth cutting shoe reciprocably mounted within said tube, cutting rolls mounted above and belowsaid shoe and having smooth knives positionedto score-cut against said shoe.

2.*In a device of the character described, a smooth faced cutting shoe, a cutting roll adjacent said shoe and carrying a smooth knife adapted to rotate against said shoe upon rotation of said roll, and means for preventing relative motion between said roll and said shoe when said knife is against the latter.

3. In a device for cutting cellulose sheeting, a smooth faced cutting shoe, a cutting roll carrying.a curved cutting knife, said roll being positioned adjacent said shoe, whereby said knife rotates against said shoe upon rotation of said roll to .produce a score-cut in the cellulose sheeting.

4. In a device of the type described, a tubeforming mechanism, a smooth faced cutting shoe adapted to reciprocate in the tube formed by said mechanism, a cutting roll adjacent said Shoe and having a knife adapted to roll against said shoe uponv rotation of said roll, a drive means for imparting reciprocal motion to said shoe, a resilient connection between said shoe and said drive, and means on said cutting roll for preventing relative motion between said shoe and said knife during contact of said knife with said shoe. t

5. In a device of the type described, 'a tubeforming mechanism, a cutting shoe adapted to reciprocate in the tube formed by said mechanism, a cutting roll adjacent said shoe and having aknife adapted to cooperate with said shoe to cut said tube upon rotation of said roll, drive means for reciprocating said shoe from a position of rest on one side of said roll to a position of rest on the other side of said shoe, a resilient connection between said shoe and saidy drive frame, a. tube-forming mechanism, a traveling nandrel mounted on said mechanism and having a cutting. shoe reciprocable vin the tube ,formed thereby, draw rollsadjustable longitudinally of said base frame for progressing the tube formed by said mechanism, said mechanism being movable longitudinally of said base frame with said draw rolls, a drive mechanism independent of said movable tube-forming mechanism for reciprocating said mandrel, cutting rolls above and below said tube and carrying knife blades operable in connection with said cutting shoe for partially severing bag lengths from said tube, transfer rolls for tearing the J partially severed bag lerigth from the tube, and

a bottom-forming device for forming the bag length into a completed bag.

7. In-a device of the type described, a tubeforming mechanism including a plate about which a continuous web is folded,l a traveling mandrel mounted adjacent said plate and having a cutting shoe reciprocable in the tube formed by said mechanism, cutting rollers having knives cooperable with said shoe to cut said tube, meansV for adjusting the distance between said tube-forming mechanism and the cutting rolls, andmeans independent of said adjusting means for reciprocating said traveling mandrel.

8. In a device of the type described, a tubeforming mechanism, a traveling mandrel having av cutting shoe reciprocable in the tube formed by said mechanism, cutting rolls having curved knives cooperable with said shoe for cutting said tube, a rotatable disk having a diametric slot radially disposed with respect to said knives, a post adjustably mounted in said slot,

a rod rotatably mounted to said post, a lever resiliently connected to the other end of said rod, means operable by said lever for reciprocating said shoe between said cutting rolls, and means for maintaining the speed of said shoe equal to the speed of said knives during'the cutting operation.

9. In a device of the character described, a bellows tube-forming mechanism including a lower plate and an upper plate spaced from said lower plate by two spaced bars, a traveling mandrel reciprocably positioned between said spaced bars, adjacent channels in said bars and said mandrel, and a series of balls in said channels for supporting said mandrel and forming bearing surfaces therefor.

10. In a device of the type described, a tubeforming mechanism including a plate about which a continuous web is folded, spaced bars adjacent said plate, a traveling mandrel reciprocably positioned between said spaced bars, adjacent channels in said bars and said mandrel, and a series of balls in said channels for supporting said mandrel and forming bearing surfaces therefor.

ll. In a device oi' the type described, abase frame, separate frame units mounted on said base frame and' movable longitudinally thereof, a table portion having one end rigidly supported by said frame units and movable therewith, means for supporting the opposite end of said table portion, an arch on said opposite end of the table portion, a vertical rod adjustably supported by said arch and extending adjacent said table, and a tube-forming mechanism suspended by said vertical rod and extending longitudinally of said table.

12. In a device of the type described, a base frame, draw roll frame units mounted on said base frame and movable longitudinally thereof, draw rolls rotatably mounted v-in said frame units, a table portion having one end rigidly supported by. said frame units and movable therewith, an arch on the opposite end of the table portion, a vertical rod adjustably supported by said arch and extending adjacent said table, a tube-forming mechanism rigidly sus- A`pended by said vertical rod and extending longitudinally of and being spaced from said table portion, a traveling mandrel reciprocably mounted on said tube-forming'mechanism, and means unaffected by movement of said draw roll frame units for imparting reciprocal motion to said traveling mandrel.

13. In a device of the type described, a tubeforming mechanism, a traveling'mandrel having a smooth cutting shoe reciprocable in the tube formed by said mechanism, cutting rolls mounted above and below said shoe and spaced therefrom, and smooth' knives on said rolls adapted to roll against said shoe to score-cut said tube.

14. In a device of the type described, a tubeforming mechanism, a traveling mandrel having a smooth shoe reciprocable within theI tube formed by said mechanism, cutting rolls mountadjacent said shoe, and a smooth knife on said roll adapted to roll against said shoe, said knife having the shape of a main curve terminated at each end by a reverse curve.

16. In a device of the type described, horizontally spaced tape rolls positioned adjacent the path of travel of an open ended-tube section, upper tape rolls, continuous tapes about said rolls, and a regulating roll suspended by said tapes between said upper rolls,

17. In a device of the type described, a tubecutting mechanism, a bottom forming device movable toward and away from-said mechanism, a tape roll adjacent the path of travel of tube lengths passing between said mechanism and said device and movable with said device, a second tape roll Aadjacent said mechanism, upper tape rolls, continuous tapes about said rolls, and an adjustable regulating roll for varying the effective length of said tapes in accordance with the position of said device.

18. A bag making machine comprising in combination a cut-off plate having plane faces and extending lengthwise of the machine, tubing mechanism for tubing the material of the bag about said cut-off plate, a pair of rollers, cutters carried thereby, said cutters` rolling in contact with the plane faces of said plate intermittently to cut through the upper and lower walls of the tubing on said plate at bag length intervals partially to divide the tubing into bag lengths by a pinch cut.

19. A bag making machine comprising in combination a cut-off plate having plane faces and extending lengthwise of the machine, tubing mechanism for tubing the material of the bag about said plate, forwarding rollers for advancing the tubing along said plate, a pair ofl rollers in the path of said tubing, a cutter carried by each roller, said cutters rolling over the plane faces of said plate in contact with the tubing thereon to cut through the upper and lower walls 

